“A Extracted tooth is more valuable than a diamond.”
Stem cells are unique type of cells that have specialized capacity for self-renewal and potency. They are originated in multi cellular organisms. Stem cells therapy offers an eye catching alternative to more conventional restorative approaches because the affected tissue is replaced by natural tissue, which forms a major part of the tooth. They are divided into two types embryonic stem cell and adult stem cell.
First research works into stem cells done by Ernest A. McCulloch and James E. Till (1960s) at the University of Toronto. Around all over world stem cell therapy are used and also expanding the glory of stem cell to regenerate/ treat our oral cavity as well as other major diseases like cardiac, diabetes etc. Stem cells also regenerates enamel, dentin, dental pulp, cementum, periodontal ligament, craniofacial bones, the temporomandibular joint, ligaments, skeletal muscles, tendons, skin, subcutaneous soft tissue, and salivary glands.
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Characterstics of Stem Cells:
- Totipotency: Produce all types of cells as well as germ cells
- Pluripotency: Produce all types of cells apart from cells of the embryonic membrane
- Multipotency: Distinguish into more than one adult cell
- Unipotency: produce one particular cell type
How we collect stem cell: Stem cells can be separated into three groups of teeth:
(a) Deciduous Teeth: The healthy pulps of deciduous teeth are a rich source of viable stem cells.
(b) Wisdom Teeth: The healthy pulp from wisdom teeth is a further exceptional source for workable stem cells. Entire or sectioned divisions of third molars containing healthy pulp can be recovered at the time of their exclusion. The pulp is often exposed if an impacted third molar needs to be sectioned for removal.
(c) Permanent teeth: Healthy pulp from all the permanent teeth are potential resource of stem cells.
Different areas for oral & maxillofacial areas: They include:
• Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs)
• Stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED)
• Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs)
• Stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP)
• Dental follicle progenitor cells (DFPCs)
Simple steps to preserve dental stem cells:
With today’s requirement we have to preserve stem cells as a safeguard for better medical facilities like:
1) Extracted wisdom tooth containing stem cells placed in a screw top vial containing an appropriate media, which nourishes it during transport. Within 40hrs, it should reach in the processing lab.
2) Dental stem cell banking
3) Stem cells are also found in baby teeth or milk teeth around 5-12 years, in shedding period we can collecting them.
4) You can also have extracted adolescent premolars while putting 'braces'.
To learn more about stem cells in teeth and how Dr. Rajat Sachdeva, best dentist in Ashok Vihar can help you obtain and preserve them.
